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From casual jogger to competitive runner: how to train smart this autumn and winter

Category: Physiotherapy

You've been running for a while. Maybe you've ticked off a few Parkruns, done a fun run or two, and now something bigger is calling - a half marathon, a club race, a trail event.

The leap from casual to competitive running is one of the best decisions you can make for your fitness and your mindset. But it's also one that your body needs help preparing for.

Autumn and winter are prime race seasons in New Zealand, and the difference between a great race and a painful one often comes down to what you do in the weeks before it. Here's what our physiotherapy team recommends.

Why stepping up too fast is the most common mistake

The most frequent issue our physiotherapists see in runners preparing for their first competitive event isn't a lack of fitness - it's doing too much, too soon. Your cardiovascular system adapts relatively quickly to increased training load. Your tendons, bones, joints and connective tissue take considerably longer.

This mismatch is where injuries happen. Shin splints, Achilles tendinopathy, stress fractures and IT band syndrome are almost always the result of load increasing faster than the body can adapt - not bad luck.

The good news is that with a structured approach, most of these injuries are entirely preventable.

Practical training tips for your first competitive race

  1. Give yourself enough time

    For a half marathon or similar event, a 12–16 week training plan is the minimum. If you're starting from a lower base, 18–20 weeks gives you the buffer to recover from any setbacks without compromising your race. Resist the temptation to compress your preparation — time is your most valuable training tool.

  2. Build aerobic base before adding intensity 

    Spend the first four to six weeks of your programme running at an easy, conversational pace before you introduce any speed work, tempo runs or hills. This isn't wasted time - it's building the aerobic and structural foundation that makes harder training possible without breaking you down. 

  3. Follow the 10% rule - but don't worship it 

     The guideline of not increasing weekly mileage by more than 10% is a useful starting point, but it's not a guarantee. More important is paying attention to how your body responds. If soreness isn't resolving between sessions, if something feels sharp or localised, or if you're waking up stiff — those are signals to ease back, not push through. 

  4. Strength train twice a week 

    Runners who include strength training in their programmes get injured less and perform better. Focus on the lower limb and core: single-leg exercises like split squats and step-ups, calf raises, glute bridges and dead bugs. Two sessions per week of 20–30 minutes is enough to make a meaningful difference to your injury resilience. 

  5. Warm up properly -especially in the cold 

    Cold muscles are less pliable and more prone to strain. In autumn and winter conditions, spend at least 10 minutes on dynamic movement before picking up pace -leg swings, hip circles, high knees, walking lunges. Save static stretching for after your run when muscles are warm. 

  6. Make recovery non-negotiable 

    Fitness is built during recovery, not during training. That means prioritising sleep, eating enough to support your training load, staying well hydrated, and scheduling at least one complete rest day each week. As your event approaches, taper your training load in the final 1–2 weeks to arrive at the start line fresh rather than accumulated. 

  7. Sort your gear before race day 

    Winter running has its own demands. Layer moisture-wicking fabrics rather than a single heavy layer, wear high-visibility clothing for early morning or evening runs, and check that your footwear has adequate grip for wet or muddy conditions. Don't debut new shoes on race day - give any footwear at least 3–4 weeks of regular use before you race in it. 

  8. Get a running assessment 

    If you're investing months of training into an event, a physiotherapy running assessment is one of the most valuable things you can do. It analyses your gait, foot strike, cadence and movement patterns to identify risk factors before they become injuries - and can improve your efficiency so you get more out of every kilometre. 

 

Common injuries to watch for

If you notice any of the following, don't wait - early physiotherapy intervention is far more effective than managing something that's become chronic:

  • Shin splints (medial tibial stress syndrome): pain along the inner shin, often worse at the start of a run and easing as you warm up.
  • Achilles tendinopathy: stiffness or pain at the back of the ankle, typically worst with the first steps in the morning.
  • Runner's knee (patellofemoral pain): ache around or behind the kneecap, worse on hills, stairs or after sitting for long periods.
  • IT band syndrome: sharp pain on the outer knee, usually appearing at a consistent point in your run.
  • Plantar fasciitis: heel and arch pain, worst first thing in the morning.

Most running injuries do not require you to stop running entirely. A physiotherapist can modify your training load while keeping you moving and on track for your event.

Ready to train smart for your first competitive race?

 Our physiotherapists can assess your running, identify injury risk and build a strength programme to support your training. 

Frequently asked
questions

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How do I know if my pain is normal training soreness or an injury?

Normal training soreness (DOMS) tends to be diffuse, symmetrical, appears 24–48 hours after a hard session and resolves within two to three days. Pain that is sharp, localised to one side, worsens during a run, or persists beyond a week warrants assessment from a physiotherapist.

Should I run through pain?

As a general rule, no. Mild discomfort is a normal part of pushing your fitness. Pain that changes your gait, sits above 3 out of 10 in intensity, or continues after your run has finished is a signal to reduce load and get it assessed.

Do I need to see a physiotherapist before I start training?

You don't need to — but if you've had previous injuries, haven't run consistently before, or are concerned about any niggles, a pre-training physiotherapy screen is a smart investment. It takes the guesswork out of where to start and what to watch for.

What's the best way to prevent running injuries?

A combination of gradual load progression, regular strength training, adequate recovery and good footwear covers the majority of injury risk. A physiotherapy running assessment adds an extra layer by identifying your individual biomechanical risk factors.

Can I still race if I pick up a minor injury during training?

Often, yes - but it depends on the injury, its severity and how far out from your event you are. A physiotherapist can help you make that call based on your specific situation rather than generic advice.